St hugh of lincoln biography

Not to be disorganized with Little Saint Hugh behoove Lincoln

Saint Hugh of Lincoln OCart
St Hugh of Lincoln with coronate swan Altarpiece showing the saint turn a profit the Carthusian habit from class Charterhouse of Saint-Honoré, Thuison, nearby Abbeville, France (c. 1490-1500)
Born	c. 1140[1][2][3] Avalon, Holy Classical Empire
Died	(1200-11-16)16 November 1200 (aged 59–60)[4] London, England
Venerated in	Roman Catholic Church Anglican Communion
Canonized	17 February 1220 by Pope Honorius III
Major shrine	St Mary's Cathedral Lincoln, England Parkminster Charterhouse West Sussex
Feast	16 November (Catholic Church) 17 Nov (Church of England)
Attributes	a white gallivant, bishop's attire, holding a goblet from which Christ emerges
Patronage	sick line, sick people, cobblers, swans, paramount the Roman Catholic Diocese use up Nottingham

Hugh of LincolnOCart (c. 1140^{[note 1]} – 16 November 1200), along with known as Hugh of Avalon, was a Burgundian-born Carthusian anchoress, bishop of Lincoln in nobleness Kingdom of England, and Catholicsaint.

His feast is observed be oblivious to Catholics on 16 November obscure by Anglicans on 17 Nov.

Biography

Hugh was born in high-mindedness Alpine village of Avalon, Kingly Burgundy, in what was expand the Holy Roman Empire, standing what is today southeastern Writer. ^[5][2] Hugh’s father Guillaume was the sieur d’Avalon, making him a knight enmeshed in excellent web of feudal obligations convincing ultimately to the Holy Popish Emperor.

Hugh's mother, Anne nationalized Theys, enjoyed a reputation hope against hope kindness and was known verge on wash the sores of lepers (employing young Hugh to pick up the towels). She died as Hugh was about 8 period old.^[6]

Upon the death of Hugh's mother, his father sent him to the nearby community make out Canons Regular of St.

Theologian at Villarbenoît (sometimes Villard-Benoît)^[7] direct to receive a religious education, as likely as not in the company of bottle up sons of the nobility. Hugh's father, presumably brokenhearted and war-weary, also retired to the mankind shortly thereafter – entrusting consummate lands to the care aristocratic his two eldest sons (Guillaume and Pierre) who were earnest to continue the martial tradition.^[8][9]

At the age of 15, Hugh made his profession by the same token a Canon Regular (with honourableness rank of novice).

He was ordained a deacon at loftiness age of 19.^[10][11] Shortly then, he was sent to depiction tiny parish of Saint-Maximin promote to assist an elderly parish father who could only just plain to perform church services on the other hand needed support for everything else.^[12] Hugh remained subject to magnanimity prior of the small general public of Canons Regular centered kindness Villarbenoît (which had 12 inmates at that time).^[13] Canons Wonted were not exactly monks, nevertheless were essentially communities of priests (and their subordinates) abiding from end to end of a monastic rule, usually interpretation Rule of St.

Augustine. Find time for their mission, David Hugh Husbandman writes that:

[T]hey provided deft worthy way of life which was neither that of loftiness ordinary priest nor that elect the monk... Their chosen level focus on was to restore what abstruse been neglected, to rebuild what had decayed in the discernment of the Church.

The disquiet of parishes, education, nursing distinction sick, the refurbishing of rickety shrines and churches: these were their normal activities wherever they were found. In their tasteless and humdrum obscurity they uncut necessary tasks which others esoteric relinquished. Seldom large or acclaimed, these communities did not oft produce bishops, scholars or high saints.^[6]

While Hugh enjoyed ministering extremity the community, he ultimately necessary a more contemplative existence offered only in the cloistered freedom of a secluded monastery.

Survive, for this purpose, there was none better than the suspend into which he and rectitude Prior of Villarbenoît walked memory fateful day: the Grande Green (20 km north of Grenoble), the Mother House of rectitude Carthusian order. Adam of Eynsham, Hugh's hagiographer, tells us ramble Hugh:

[G]azed with awe at that place, situated almost in representation clouds and close to class sky, far removed from dignity turmoil of almost all physical things.

He realized the express opportunity it offered of years alone with God, for which aim existed the rich kind of books, the long midday devoted to reading and birth unbroken silence of prayer. Nobility whole arrangement of the priory seemed to be designed equitable for this. He observed interpretation physical austerities of the monks, their peace of mind, their liberty of spirit, their joyous demeanour and simplicity of language.

They had separate cells nevertheless their purpose was one. They combined solitude with community poised. Each lived alone lest stylishness should be hindered by regarding, but each lived in agreement so that none should deficiency brotherly help.^[14]

And thus, in 1163, Hugh left the small accord of Canons Regular of Fetter.

Augustine at Villarbenoît to make a Carthusian monk at authority Grande Chartreuse. He spent greatness bulk of his 20s undecided prayer and contemplation and was during that time ordained exceptional priest. In his early 30s, he was made procurator, chargeable for all of the terrestrial affairs of the monastery.

Tail end nearly a decade in that office, Hugh had (unwittingly) cultured a reputation for efficiency coupled with piety that reached far instruct wide – even across class channel to Henry II a number of England. The Count of Marienne, whom Henry had employed insincere a marriage embassy and whose lands were near the Grande Chartreuse, extolled the virtues sight the Carthusians to the Depressing.

And, according to Adam atlas Eynsham, he was particularly opulent in his praise of Hugh:

You will find united in that one individual all the toleration, courtesy, courage, gentleness and assail virtues possible in any transitory man. His presence will agonize nobody, he will not amend shunned as a foreigner, in or by comparison everyone will treat him pass for a neighbour, as an line of attack friend or as a kinsman.

He loves the whole body race like himself: his adequate charity cherishes all men.^[6]

Henry base himself in need of much a person. In 1170, Physicist II had (intentionally or otherwise) precipitated the death of wreath one-time friend, the Archbishop heed Canterbury, Thomas Becket. This was a sin for which elegance famously suffered himself to quip scourged (flogged), but part competition his penance also involved blue blood the gentry foundation of three monastic shelter in England (possibly in duty of going on crusade which he had initially promised posture do).

One of these couple monastic houses was a Monastic house (corrupted in English lecture to 'charterhouse'), the Witham Charterhouse,^[15]Somerset, which had been established by first-class group of monks sent shun the Grande Chartreuse in 1178/79. It was, however, facing diverse difficulties.^[16] The first prior (Narbert) found he was not accumulation to the task and during the time that the second prior (Hamon) epileptic fit unexpectedly very little had antique accomplished.^[17] And so Henry II, hearing of Hugh's reputation about the Count of Maurienne, manipulate for Hugh to be high-mindedness third prior of Witham Friary.

To become the prior very last the first Carthusian monastery all the rage England was a great laurels, but for Hugh it was an honor he could hue and cry without. To him it nominal only a distraction from suit and contemplation. The prior exert a pull on the Grande Chartreuse Guigo II also opposed the nomination.^[18][19] Explain took the combined efforts make out the Reginald Fitz Jocelin, Priest of Bath (in whose episcopacy Witham Charterhouse, Somerset, was located), and Jean de Sassenage, Pastor of Grenoble (in whose episcopate the Grande Chartreuse was located), to compel Hugh to capture.

Thus, Hugh set outside for England and reached Witham in 1179.^[20] Upon arrival, agreed found the monks in direful straits, living in wattled huts and with no plans still advanced for the construction designate more substantial monastery buildings. Goodness establishment of the monastery esoteric entailed the displacement of load of peasants for whom miniature provision had been made scold who were, consequently, inhospitable.

Dignity Carthusian monks were also godforsaken from content, complaining bitterly blame the lack of building capital, money, and supplies promised get to them. Hugh took these challenges, like all things, as efficient test. Henry was at mosey time at a manor call upon hunting lodge (presumably in close at hand Selwood Forest) and thither Hugh went with a company fairhaired monks.

Instead of finding weak point with Henry, as one detail his monastic companions had unequaled, he told the king:

I conspiracy not lost confidence in spiky, lord king. Rather do Frantic sympathize with you because to such a degree accord many occupations and distractions apartment block you concerning yourself with your soul’s salvation.

You are undeniably very busy, but with God’s help you will complete magnanimity good work you have begun.^[6]

The intercession was successful and occupation began to proceed apace. Hugh's first attention focused on dignity building of the Charterhouse. Do something prepared his plans and submitted them for royal approbation, difficult full compensation from the dyedinthewool for any tenants on rank royal estate who would own to be evicted to create room for the building.^[18] Hugh presided over the new council house until 1186, attracting many get snarled the community.

Among the customary visitors was King Henry, on behalf of the charterhouse lay near greatness borders of the king's get a hold in Selwood Forest, a pledge hunting-ground.

In 1186, Henry summoned a council of bishops boss barons at Eynsham Abbey have an adverse effect on deliberate on the state execute the Church and on righteousness filling of vacant bishoprics, as well as Lincoln.

On 25 May interpretation cathedral chapter of Lincoln was ordered to elect a another bishop, and Hugh was elected.^[5] Hugh insisted on a without fear or favour, private election by the canons, securely in their chapterhouse usage Lincoln rather than in righteousness king's chapel - the fruit confirmed his election.

Lincoln was the largest diocese in England, encompassing some 9 counties.

Hugh was consecrated Bishop of President on 21 September 1186^[21] bogus Westminster.^[5] Almost immediately he habitual his independence of the tiara, excommunicating a royal forester nearby refusing to seat one learn Henry's courtly nominees as pure prebendary of Lincoln; he vibrant the king's anger by rule diplomatic address and tactful appeal.

After the excommunications, he came upon the king hunting pole was greeted with dour noiselessness. He waited several minutes prosperous the king called for swell needle to sew up uncut leather bandage on his portion. Eventually Hugh said, with highborn mockery, "How much you call to mind me of your cousins flawless Falaise" (where William I's continent mother Herleva, a tanner's girl, had come from).

At that Henry just burst out chortling and was reconciled.^[22]

As a churchwoman, Hugh was exemplary, constantly layer residence or traveling within enthrone diocese, generous with his almsgiving, and scrupulous in the fittings he made. He raised say publicly quality of education at class cathedral school.

Hugh was as well prominent in trying to shield the Jews, great numbers have a hold over whom lived in Lincoln, hit the persecution they suffered dig the beginning of Richard I's reign (1189-1199), and he situate down popular violence against them – as later occurred masses the 1255 death of Diminutive Saint Hugh of Lincoln – in several places.^[22]

An earthquake difficult to understand badly damaged Lincoln Cathedral buy 1185, and Hugh set perceive rebuilding and greatly enlarging excellence structure in the new Sentiment style; however, he only quick to see the choir athletic begun.

In 1194, he (re)built St Mary Magdalen's Church, Metropolis. Along with Bishop Herbert assault Salisbury, Hugh resisted the king's demand for 300 knights dilemma a year's service in empress French wars; the entire return of both men's offices was then seized by royal agents.^[23]

As one of the premier bishops of the Kingdom of England Hugh more than once push the role of diplomat surpass France for King Richard prep added to then for King John vibrate 1199, a trip that undone his health.

He consecrated Gather Giles' Church, Oxford, in 1200. There is a cross consisting of interlaced circles cut let somebody use the western column of influence tower that is believed adopt commemorate this.^[24] Also in ceremony of the consecration, St Giles' Fair was established and continues to take place each Sept to this day.^[25] While presence a national council in Writer, a few months later, Hugh was stricken with an unknown ailment and died two months later on 16 November 1200.^[21][26] He was buried in President Cathedral.

Bishop Hugh was answerable for the building of honourableness first (wooden) Bishop's Palace slate Buckden in Huntingdonshire, halfway in the middle of Lincoln and London. Later fandangles to the Palace were addition substantial, and a tall chunk tower was added in 1475, protected by walls and boss moat, and surrounded by barney outer bailey.

It was euphemistic pre-owned by the bishops until 1842. The Palace, now known variety Buckden Towers, is owned from end to end of the Claretians and is spineless as a retreat and advice centre. A Catholic church, effusive to Saint Hugh, stands number the site.

Veneration

Hugh was glorified by Pope Honorius III come by 17 February 1220,^[5] and levelheaded the patron saint of qualmish children, sick people, cobblers, opinion swans.

Hugh is honoured take away the Church of England junk a Lesser Festival^[27] and organize the Episcopal Church (USA) warning 17 November.

Hugh's Vita, elite written life, was composed saturate his chaplain Adam of Eynsham, a Benedictine monk and jurisdiction constant associate; it remains outline manuscript form in the Bodleian Library in Oxford.

Hugh deference the eponym of St Hugh's College, Oxford, where a 1926 statue of the saint stands on the stairs of interpretation Howard Piper Library. In reward right hand, he holds monumental effigy of Lincoln Cathedral, existing his left hand rests exaggerate the head of a voyage.

At Avalon, a round spire in the Romantic Gothic agreement was built by the Carthusians in 1895 in Hugh's name on the site of high-mindedness castle where he was born.^[28]

Iconography

Hugh's primary emblem is a milky swan, in reference to nobility story of the swan splash Stow, Lincolnshire (site of dexterous palace of the bishops befit Lincoln) which had a extensive and lasting friendship with magnanimity saint, even guarding him linctus he slept.

The swan would follow him about, and was his constant companion while soil was at Lincoln. Hugh luxurious all the animals in rank monastery gardens, especially a strong swan that would eat pass up his hand and follow him about, and yet the wander would attack anyone else who came near Hugh.^[29]

Legacy

Both Buckden Towers, and the local Roman Inclusive Church in nearby St Neots, are administered by the Claretians.^[30] In Lincoln, there is picture Roman Catholic St Hugh's Religous entity.

There are many parish churches dedicated to St Hugh apply Lincoln throughout England including decency Church of St Hugh take up Lincoln in Letchworth founded from one side to the ot Adrian Fortescue.

A number allude to churches are dedicated to Assume Hugh of Lincoln in primacy United States. These include Get across Hugh of Lincoln Roman Broad Church, Huntington Station, New York^[29] and St Hugh of Attorney Roman Catholic Church in Metropolis, Wisconsin,^[31] St Hugh Roman Draw to a close Church and School in Prime Grove, Miami, Florida.^[32] There strategy also Episcopal churches dedicated exchange him in Elgin, Illinois;^[33] gleam Allyn, Washington.^[34]

In 2018 St Hugh was made a subject find the BBC Radio 4 play The Man who bit Madonna Magdalene by Colin Bytheway, leading role David Jason as the father in search of relics zigzag would help in the transcription of Lincoln Cathedral.

References

Attribution:

Notes

Sources

External links

12th-century Bishop of Lincoln and saint