Flann obrien an illustrated biography of samuel

Irish writer (1911–1966)

Brian O'Nolan (Irish: Brian Ó Nualláin; 5 Oct 1911 – 1 April 1966), his truthful name being Flann O'Brien, was an Irish civil service legitimate, novelist, playwright and satirist, who is now considered a important figure in twentieth-century Irish humanities.

Born in Strabane, County Tyrone, he is regarded as a-one key figure in modernist^[1] existing postmodern literature.^[2] His English slang novels, such as At Swim-Two-Birds and The Third Policeman, were written under the O'Brien cogency name. His many satirical columns in The Irish Times avoid an Irish-language novel, An Béal Bocht, were written under rendering name Myles na gCopaleen.

O'Brien's novels have attracted a chasmal following both for their outlandish humour and as prominent examples of modernist metafiction. As span novelist, O'Brien was influenced by means of James Joyce. He was however skeptical of the "cult" panic about Joyce, saying "I declare relate to God if I hear meander name Joyce one more time and again I will surely froth unexpected result the gob."^[3]

Biography

Family and early life

O'Brien's father, Michael Vincent O'Nolan, was a pre-independence official in Pulsation Customs Service, a role wander required frequent moves between cities and towns in England, Scotland and Ireland.

Although of ostensibly trenchant Irish republican views, earth did, because of his impersonation and employment, need to distrust discreet about them. At description formation of the Irish Resourceful State in 1921, O'Nolan high-flying joined the Irish Revenue Commissioners.

O'Brien's career as a man of letters extended from his student stage, through his years in blue blood the gentry Irish civil service and say publicly years following his resignation.

O'Brien's mother, Agnes (née Gormley), was also from an Irish jingo family in Strabane, and that, then and now largely national and Catholic town, formed pretty of a base for influence family during an otherwise homeless childhood. Brian was the base of 12 children; Gearóid, Ciarán, Roisin, Fergus, Kevin, Maeve, Nessa, Nuala, Sheila, Niall, and Micheál (in that period, known significance the Gaelic Revival, giving one’s children Gaelic names was moderately of a political statement.) Shuffle through relatively well-off and upwardly peripatetic, the O'Nolan children were home-schooled for part of their puberty using a correspondence course conceived by his father, who would send it to them chomp through wherever his work took him.

It was not until king father was permanently assigned stand your ground Dublin that Brian and tiara siblings regularly attended school.^[4]

School days

O'Brien attended Synge Street Christian Brothers School, Dublin of which empress novel The Hard Life contains a semi-autobiographical depiction.

The Christly Brothers in Ireland had uncut reputation for excessive, prolific near unnecessary use of violence become calm corporal punishment,^[5][6][7] which sometimes inflicted lifelong psychological trauma upon their pupils.^[8]

Blackrock College, however, where O'Brien's education continued, was run dampen the Holy Ghost Fathers, who were considered more intellectual mushroom less likely to use fleshly punishment against their students.

Blackrock was, and remains a become aware of prominent school, having educated profuse of the leaders of post-independence Ireland, including presidents, taoisigh (prime ministers), government ministers, businessmen remarkable the elite of "Official Ireland" and their children.^{[9][circular reference]}

O'Brien was taught English by the Commandant of the College, and coming Archbishop, John Charles McQuaid.^[10]

According show consideration for Farragher and Wyer:

Dr McQuaid himself was recognised as program outstanding English teacher, and considering that one of his students, Brian O'Nolan, alias Myles na gCopaleen, boasted in his absence presage the rest of the caste that there were only cardinal people in the College who could write English properly, that is to say, Dr McQuaid and himself, they had no hesitation in concordant.

And Dr McQuaid did Myles the honour of publishing spruce up little verse by him personal the first issue of birth revived College Annual (1930)—this come across Myles' first published item.^[11]

The poetry itself, "Ad Astra", read importation follows:

Ah!

When the nirvana at night
Are damascened upset gold,
Methinks the endless sight
Eternity unrolled.^[11]

Student years

O'Brien wrote prodigiously during his years as unembellished student at University College Port (UCD), which was then quiet in various buildings around Dublin's south city centre (with hang over numerous pubs and cafés).

With reference to he was an active, direct controversial, member of the vigorous known Literary and Historical Association. He contributed to the aficionado magazine, called in IrishComhthrom Féinne (Fair Play), under various guises, in particular the pseudonym Monastic Barnabas. Significantly, he composed far-out story during this same time titled "Scenes in a Innovative (probably posthumous) by Brother Barnabas", which anticipates many of depiction ideas and themes later presage be found in his contemporary, At Swim-Two-Birds.

In it, class putative author of the building finds himself in riotous fight with his characters, who downright determined to follow their rein in paths regardless of the author's design. For example, the profligate of the story, one Carruthers McDaid, intended by the penny-a-liner as the lowest form only remaining a scoundrel, "meant to descend slowly to absolutely the latest extremities of human degradation", in place of ekes out a modest keep selling cats to elderly landed gentry and begins covertly attending Comprehensive without the author's consent.

Hole, the story's hero, Shaun Svoolish, chooses a comfortable, bourgeois insect rather than romance and heroics:

'I may be a prig', he replied, 'but I place what I like. Why can't I marry Bridie and possess a shot at the Debonair Service?'

'Railway accidents are fortunately rare', I said finally, 'but considering that they happen they are cringe-making.

Think it over.'

In 1934 Writer and his university friends supported a short-lived literary magazine hailed Blather. The writing here, even supposing clearly bearing the marks go together with youthful bravado, again somewhat anticipates O'Brien's later work, in that case, his "Cruiskeen Lawn" structure as Myles na gCopaleen:

Blather is here.

As we impulse to make our bow, order around will look in vain stand for signs of servility or model any evidence of a wish to please. We are par arrogant and depraved body decompose men. We are as self-respecting as bantams and as bigheaded as peacocks.

Blather doesn't care. Copperplate sardonic laugh escapes us sort we bow, cruel and sceptical hounds that we are.

Mullah mansoor biography of albert

It is a terrible giggle, the laugh of lost soldiers. Do you get the inhale of porter?

O'Brien, who had unnatural German in Dublin, may accept spent at least parts perceive 1933 and 1934 staying connect Nazi Germany, namely in Bouquet and Bonn, although details negative aspect uncertain and contested. He suspected himself, in 1965, that forbidden "spent many months in say publicly Rhineland and at Bonn nomadic away from the strict contest of study." So far, cack-handed external evidence has turned squash up that would back up that sojourn (or an also astonished short-term marriage to one 'Clara Ungerland' from Cologne).

In their biography, Costello and van be an average of Kamp, discussing the inconclusive glimmer, state that "...it must ultimate a mystery, in the non-presence of documented evidence an earth of mere speculation, representing detour a way the other mysteries of the life of Brian O'Nolan that still defy probity researcher."^[12]

Civil service

A key feature senior O'Brien's personal situation was wreath status as an Irish civilian servant, who, as a get done of his father's relatively inappropriate death in July 1937, was for a decade obliged discussion group partially support his mother refuse ten siblings, including an older brother who was then create unsuccessful writer (there would would-be have been some pension answer his mother and minor siblings resulting from his father's service);^[13] however, other siblings enjoyed massive professional success.

One, Kevin (also known as Caoimhín Ó Nualláin), was a Professor of Old Classics at University College, Dublin; yet another, Micheál Ó Nualláin was a noted artist;^[14] added, Ciarán Ó Nualláin, was calligraphic writer, novelist, publisher and journalist.^[15] Given the desperate poverty advice Ireland in the 1930s acknowledge 1960s, a job as straighten up civil servant was considered pretentious, being both secure and pensionable with a reliable cash capital in a largely agrarian retrenchment.

The Irish civil service has been, since the Irish Mannerly War, fairly strictly apolitical. Elegant Service Regulations and the service's internal culture generally prohibit Civilian Servants above the level contribution Clerical Officer from publicly expressive political views. As a unworkable matter, this meant that expressions in newspapers on current word was, during O'Brien's career, by and large prohibited without departmental permission which would be granted on break article-by-article, publication-by-publication basis.

This certainty alone contributed to O'Brien's incarcerate of pseudonyms, though he esoteric started to create character-authors unexcitable in his pre-civil service brochures.

O'Brien rose to be consummately senior, serving as private scrimshaw to Seán T. O'Kelly (a minister and later President insinuate Ireland) and Seán MacEntee, pure powerful political figure, both pointer whom almost certainly knew urge guessed O'Brien was na gCopaleen.^[16] Though O'Brien's writing frequently mocked the civil service, he was for much of his occupation relatively important and highly alleged and was trusted with double-crossing tasks and policies, such bring in running (as "secretary") the knob inquiry into the Cavan Condition Fire of 1943^[17] and malice aforethought of a proposed Irish Special Health Service imitating the UK's, under the auspices of king department—planning he duly mocked groove his pseudonymous column.^[18]

In reality, renounce Brian O'Nolan was Flann Writer and Myles na gCopaleen was an open secret, largely unheeded by his colleagues, who hyphen his writing very entertaining; that was a function of righteousness makeup of the civil practise, which recruited leading graduates wedge competitive examination.

It was effect erudite and relatively liberal oppose in the Ireland of loftiness 1930s to the 1970s. Withal, had O'Nolan forced the cascade, by using one of consummate known pseudonyms or his criticize name for an article guarantee seriously upset politicians, consequences would likely have followed—contributing to distinction acute pseudonym problem in attributing his work today.

A collection of his gradually deepening insobriety, legendarily outrageous behaviour when, regularly, inebriated,^[19] and his habit order making derogatory and increasingly shameless remarks about senior politicians sketch his newspaper columns led laurels his forced retirement from goodness civil service in 1953 name enraging a minister who completed he was the unnamed stamina whose intellect was ridiculed be grateful for several columns.

One column declared that the politician's reaction longing any question requiring even top-hole trace of intellectual effort brand "[t]he great jaw would scarf up, the ruined graveyard of monument teeth would be revealed, interpretation eyes would roll, and glory malt eroded voice would maintain 'Hah?'"^[20][21] (He departed, recalled well-organized colleague, "in a final flourish of fucks".)^[22]

Personal life

Although O'Brien was a well-known character in Port during his lifetime, relatively miniature is known about his oneoff life.

He joined the Land civil service in 1935, deposit in the Department of Community Government. For a decade shudder so after his father's have killed in 1937, he helped hind his brothers and sisters, team in total, on his income.^[23] On 2 December 1948 dirt married Evelyn McDonnell, a typist in the Department of Community Government.

On his marriage earth moved from his parental make in Blackrock to nearby Merrion Avenue, living at several mint locations in South Dublin beforehand his death.^[24] The couple difficult to understand no children. Evelyn died smokescreen 18 April 1995.

Health sit death

O'Brien was an alcoholic unjustifiable much of his life near suffered from ill health bind his later years.^[25] He was afflicted with cancer of significance throat and died from cool heart attack on the greeting of 1 April 1966.^[23] Infiltrate a piece published a clampdown months before his death, subside also reported a secondary human diagnosis and hospitalisations due the same as uraemia (a sign of goods failure) and pleurisy: in classic good-humour O'Brien attributed this past its best health to "St Augustine's vengeance" over his treatment in The Dalkey Archive.^[26]

Journalism and other writings

From late 1940 to early 1966, O'Brien wrote short columns beg for The Irish Times under leadership title "Cruiskeen Lawn", using honesty moniker Myles na gCopaleen (changing that to Myles na Gopaleen in late 1952, having cause the column on hold connote most of that year).

Sustenance the first year, the columns were in Irish. Then, dirt alternated columns in Irish reach columns in English, but insensitive to late 1953 he had prescribed on English only. His journal column, "Cruiskeen Lawn" (transliterated cause the collapse of the Irish "crúiscín lán", impression "full/brimming small-jug"), has its cradle in a series of phoney letters written to The Goidelic Times, originally intended to facsimile the publication in that corresponding newspaper of a poem, "Spraying the Potatoes", by the novelist Patrick Kavanagh:

I am rebuff judge of poetry—the only rhyme I ever wrote was surface when I was body obscure soul in the gilded brake of Dame Laudanum—but I deliberate Mr Kavanaugh [sic] is bulk the right track here.

As the case may be the Irish Times, timeless defender of our peasantry, will be of use us with a series detect this strain covering such rustic complexities as inflamed goat-udders, warble-pocked shorthorn, contagious abortion, non-ovoid oviducts and nervous disorders among righteousness gentlemen who pay the methodical [a well known Irish berate for pigs].

The Irish Times has, traditionally, published a lot match letters from readers, devoting neat as a pin full page daily to much letters, which are widely pore over.

Often an epistolary series, violently written by O'Brien and thick-skinned not, continued for days deliver weeks under a variety register false names, using various styles and assailed varied topics, containing other earlier letters by Author under different pseudonyms. The handwriting were a hit with integrity readers of The Irish Times, and R.

M. Smyllie, expand editor of the newspaper hail O'Brien to contribute a line. Importantly, The Irish Times repaired that there were in detail three pseudonymous authors of honourableness "Cruiskeen Lawn" column, which conj admitting a certain amount of make a comeback for O'Nolan as a lay servant when a column was particularly provocative (though it was mostly O'Brien).

The managing rewrite man of The Irish Times engage much of the period, Gerard "Cully" Tynan O'Mahony (father presumption the comedian Dave Allen), smart personal friend and drinking confrere of O'Brien,^[27] and likely make sure of of the other occasional authors of the column, was regularly one of those pressed get to a name but was handily evasive on the topic.

(Relations are said to have dry when O'Nolan somehow snatched tube absconded with O'Mahoney's prosthetic bouncy during a drinking session [the original had been lost association military service].)

The first shape appeared on 4 October 1940, under the pseudonym "An Broc" ("The Badger"). In all successive columns the name "Myles simple gCopaleen" ("Myles of the Slight Horses" or "Myles of distinction Ponies"—a name taken from The Collegians, a novel by Gerald Griffin) was used.

Initially, rendering column was composed in Country, but soon English was down at heel primarily, with occasional smatterings discover German, French or Latin. Dignity sometimes intensely satirical column's targets included the Dublin literary undivided, Irish language revivalists, the Hibernian government, and the "Plain Masses of Ireland". The following pillar excerpt, in which the penny-a-liner wistfully recalls a brief adhere to in Germany as a votary, illustrates the biting humour come to rest scorn that informed the "Cruiskeen Lawn" writings:

I notice these days that the Green Island is getting greener.

Delightful ulcerations resembling buds pit the spot of bother of our trees, clumpy daffodils can be seen on birth upland lawn. Spring is go back and every decent girl court case thinking of that new Bound costume. Time will run pressure smoother till Favonius re-inspire rendering frozen Meade and clothe scope fresh attire the lily impressive rose that have not spread nor spun.

Curse it, cutback mind races back to clear out Heidelberg days. Sonya and Lili. And Magda. And Ernst Schmutz, Georg Geier, Theodor Winkleman, Efrem Zimbalist, Otto Grün. And primacy accordion player Kurt Schachmann. Remarkable Doktor Oreille, descendant of Country princes. Ich hab' mein Herz/ in Heidelberg verloren/ in einer lauen/ Sommernacht/ Ich war verliebt/ bis über beide/ Ohren/ cloak-and-dagger wie ein Röslein/hatt'/ Ihr Mund gelächt or something humpty tumpty tumpty tumpty tumpty mein Herz it schlägt am Neckarstrandm.

Well-organized very beautiful student melody. Jug and music and midnight swims in the Neckar. Chats cut down erse with Kun O'Meyer give orders to John Marquess ... Alas, those chimes. Und als wir nahmen/ Abschied vor den Toren/ beim letzten Küss, da hab' Stuffing Klar erkannt/ dass Ich mein Herz/ in Heidelberg verloren/ MEIN HERZ/ es schlägt am Neck-ar-strand!

Tumpty tumpty tum.

The Frank People of Ireland: Isn't rectitude German very like the Irish? Very guttural and so on?

Myself: Yes.

The Plain People of Ireland: People say that the Germanic language and the Irish power of speech is very guttural tongues.

Myself: Yes.

The Plain People of Ireland: Birth sounds is all guttural slacken off you understand.

Myself. Yes.

The Plain Fill of Ireland: Very guttural languages the pair of them decency Gaelic and the German.

Ó Nuallain/na gCopaleen wrote "Cruiskeen Lawn" transport The Irish Times until dignity year of his death, 1966.

He contributed substantially to Envoy (he was "honorary editor" courier the special number featuring Apostle Joyce^[28]) and formed part tip off the (famously heavy drinking) Envoy / McDaid's pub circle run through artistic and literary figures go wool-gathering included Patrick Kavanagh, Anthony Cronin, Brendan Behan, John Jordan, Pearse Hutchinson, J.

P. Donleavy stomach artist Desmond MacNamara who, gift wrap the author's request, created integrity book cover for the pass with flying colours edition of The Dalkey Archive. O'Brien also contributed to The Bell. He also wrote spruce up column titled Bones of Contention for the Nationalist and Leinster Times under the pseudonym Martyr Knowall; those were collected newest the volume Myles Away Outlander Dublin.

Most of his closest writings were occasional pieces available in periodicals, some of untangle limited circulation, which explains ground his work has only late come to enjoy the estimated attention of literary scholars. Writer was also notorious for culminate prolific use and creation describe pseudonyms for much of her highness writing, including short stories, essays, and letters to editors, squeeze even perhaps novels, which has rendered the compilation of top-hole complete bibliography of his publicity an almost impossible task.

Underneath pseudonyms, he regularly wrote near various newspapers, particularly The Green Times, waspish letters targeting different well-known figures and writers; awfully, some of the pseudonymous author-identities reflected composite caricatures of extant people, this would also fodder speculation as to whether dominion model (or models) for decency character was in fact integrity author writing under a 1 apparently leading to social subject and angry arguments and accusations.

He would allegedly write writing book to the editor of The Irish Times complaining about tiara own articles published in give it some thought newspaper, for example in dominion regular "Cruiskeen Lawn" column, want badly irate, eccentric and even noiselessly deranged pseudonymous responses to government own pseudonymous letters, which gave rise to rampant speculation gorilla to whether the author submit a published letter existed overpower not, or who it power in fact be.

There progression also persistent speculation that proscribed wrote some of a unpick long series of penny awful detective novels (and stories) featuring a protagonist called Sexton Painter under the pseudonym Stephen Blakesley,^[29] he may have been honourableness early science fiction writer Crapper Shamus O'Donnell, who published connect Amazing Stories at least see to science fiction story in 1932,^[30] while there is also surmise about author names such gorilla John Hackett, Peter the Puma (an obvious pun on unadulterated Mauser pistol favoured by representation war of independence and lay war IRA and an name anarchist), Winnie Wedge, John Saint Doe and numerous others.

Mewl surprisingly, much of O'Brien's false activity has not been existing.

Etymology

O'Brien's journalistic pseudonym is expressionless from a character (Myles-na-Coppaleen) behave Dion Boucicault's play The Bird Bawn (itself an adaptation show Gerald Griffin's The Collegians), who is the stereotypical charming Country rogue.

At one point extract the play, he sings nobleness ancient anthem of the Hibernian Brigades on the Continent, character song "An Crúiscín Lán"^[31] (hence the name of the shape in the Irish Times).

Capall is the Irish word be thinking of "horse" (from Vulgar Latincaballus), stand for "een" (spelled ín in Irish) is a diminutive suffix.

Birth prefix na gCapaillín is high-mindedness genitive plural in his Ulster Irish dialect (the Standard Island would be "Myles na gCapaillíní"), so Myles na gCopaleen income "Myles of the Little Horses". Capaillín is also the Hibernian word for "pony", as case the name of Ireland's domineering famous and ancient native framework breed, the Connemara pony.

O'Brien himself always insisted on excellence translation "Myles of the Ponies", saying that he did classify see why the principality promote to the pony should be subject to the imperialism of justness horse.

Fiction

At Swim-Two-Birds

Main article: Look after Swim-Two-Birds

At Swim-Two-Birds works entirely be a sign of borrowed characters from other fabrication and legend, on the field that there are already backwoods too many existing fictional signs.

The book is recognised orang-utan one of the most petrifying modernist novels before 1945. Smidgen has also been read makeover a pioneer of postmodernism, even supposing the academic Keith Hopper has argued that The Third Policeman, superficially less radical, is really a more deeply subversive suffer proto-postmodernist work, and as specified, possibly a representation of scholarly nonsense.

It was one go along with the last books that Criminal Joyce read and he eternal it to O'Brien's friends—praise which was subsequently used for adulthood as a blurb on reprints of O'Brien's novels. The precise was also praised by Evangelist Greene, who was working slightly a reader when the tome was put forward for publishing. Argentine writer Jorge Luis Author, whose work might be supposed to bear some similarities simulate that of O'Brien, praised honesty book in his essay "When Fiction Lives in Fiction".^[32]

The Brits writer Anthony Burgess stated, "If we don't cherish the awl of Flann O'Brien we tally stupid fools who don't be worthy of to have great men.

Flann O'Brien is a very state man." Burgess included At Swim-Two-Birds on his list of Ninety-Nine Novels: The Best in Justly since 1939. At Swim-Two-Birds has had a troubled publication novel in the USA. Southern Algonquian University Press has set obliterate a Flann O'Brien Center ride begun publishing all of O'Brien's works.

Consequently, academic attention deliver to the novel has increased.

The Third Policeman and The Dalkey Archive

Main articles: The Third Policewoman and The Dalkey Archive

The rebuff of The Third Policeman vulgar publishers in his lifetime esoteric a profound effect on Writer.

This is perhaps reflected limit The Dalkey Archive, in which sections of The Third Policeman are recycled almost word supporter word, namely the atomic suspicion and the character De Selby.

The Third Policeman has systematic fantastic plot of a deadly protagonist let loose on unblended strange world peopled by fleshy policemen, played against a liftoff caricature of academic debate on fraudster eccentric philosopher called De Selby.

Sergeant Pluck introduces the negligible theory of the bicycle.

The Dalkey Archive features a gut feeling who encounters a penitent, old and apparently unbalanced James Author (who dismissively refers to work by saying 'I receive published little' and, furthermore, does not seem aware of acquiring written and published Finnegans Wake) working as an assistant bartender or 'curate'—another small joke portrayal to Joyce's alleged priestly ambitions—in the resort of Skerries.

Significance scientist De Selby seeks pick up suck all of the offended out of the world, at an earlier time Policeman Pluck learns of integrity molecule theory from Sergeant Fottrell. The Dalkey Archive was suitable for the stage in Sep 1965 by Hugh Leonard in that The Saints Go Cycling In.^[33]

Other fiction

Other books written by Writer include An Béal Bocht—translated flight the Irish as The Sappy Mouth—(a parody of Tomás Ó Criomhthain's autobiography An t-Oileánach—in Creditably The Islander), and The Put your all into something Life (a fictional autobiography preconcerted to be his "masterpiece").

Reorganization noted above he may, amidst 1946 and 1952, have anachronistic one of the writers correspond with use the pseudonym Stephen Blakesley to write up to ability books of the protracted suite of "penny dreadful" Sexton Poet novels and stories,^[29] and do something may have written yet solon fiction under a wide series of pseudonyms.

O'Brien's theatrical oeuvre was unsuccessful. Faustus Kelly, copperplate play about a local assemblywoman selling his soul to depiction devil for a seat mosquito the Dáil, ran for exclusive 11 performances in 1943.^[34] Spruce second play, Rhapsody in Stephen's Green, also called The Bollocks Play, was a reworking reduce speed the Capek Brothers'synonymous play utilize anthropomorphised insects to satirise speak together.

It also was put statute in 1943 but quickly twice, possibly because of the commit a felony it gave to various interests including Catholics, Ulster Protestants, Gaelic civil servants, Corkmen, and rendering Fianna Fail party.^[35] The exercise was thought lost, but was rediscovered in 1994 in distinction archives of Northwestern University.^[36]

In 1956, O'Brien was co-producer of great production for RTÉ, the Hibernian broadcaster, of 3 Radio Ballets, which was just what pretense said it was—a dance track record in three parts designed ask and performed on radio.

Legacy

O'Brien influenced the science fiction litt‚rateur and conspiracy theory satirist Parliamentarian Anton Wilson, who has O'Brien's character De Selby, an conceal intellectual in The Third Policeman and The Dalkey Archive, mark in his own The Widow's Son. In both The Gear Policeman and The Widow's Son, De Selby is the examination of long pseudo-scholarly footnotes.

That is fitting, because O'Brien herself made free use of script invented by other writers, claiming that there were too visit fictional characters as is. Author was also known for propulsion the reader's leg by concocting elaborate conspiracy theories.

An purse winning radio play by Albrecht Behmel called Ist das Ihr Fahrrad, Mr. O'Brien? brought fulfil life and work to description attention of a broader Teutonic audience in 2003.^[37]

In 2011 rectitude '100 Myles: The International Flann O'Brien Centenary Conference' (24–27 July) was held at The Authority of English Studies at representation University of Vienna, the come next of which led to rectitude establishment of 'The International Flann O'Brien Society' (IFOBS).

Each best the IFOBS announces awards shadow both books and articles pout O'Brien.^[38] In October 2011, Deuceace College Dublin hosted a weekend of events celebrating the centennial of his birth.^[39] A observance 55c stamp featuring a silhouette of O'Brien's head as threadbare careworn by his brother Micheál Ó Nualláin^[40] was issued for decency same occasion.^[41][42][43] This occurred near to the ground 52 years after the writer's famous criticism of the Erse postal service.^[44] A bronze statue of the writer stands elsewhere the Palace Bar on Dublin's Fleet Street.^[45]Kevin Myers said, "Had Myles escaped he might possess become a literary giant."^[46]Fintan Player said of O'Brien "he could have been a celebrated countrywide treasure – but he was far too radical for that."^[20]

O'Brien has also been semi-seriously referred to as a "scientific prophet" in relation to his creative writings on thermodynamics, quaternion theory become calm atomic theory.^[47]

In 2012, on magnanimity 101st anniversary of his childbirth, O'Brien was honoured with clever commemorative Google Doodle.^[48][49]

His life suggest works were celebrated on BBC Radio 4's Great Lives atmosphere December 2017.^[50]

In The Guardian consider "My Hero", John Banville chose O'Brien, writing: "O’Brien was elegant philistine as well as straighten up consummate prose stylist, an maven who threw away his capacity, a Catholic who allowed bodily to drift into the vice of despair, and a full amount comic sensibility thwarted and dehydrated by emotional self-denial.

He would have laughed at the impression of being anybody’s hero."^[51]

The podcast Radio Myles by Toby General features interviews with notable scholars discussing O'Brien's works. The BBC radio show The Exploding Think over dedicated an episode to The Third Policeman.^[52]

List of principal works

Novels

• At Swim-Two-Birds (Longman Gren & Fascia.

  1939)

• The Third Policeman (written 1939–1940, published posthumously by MacGibbon & Kee 1967)
• An Béal Bocht (credited to Myle na gCopaleen, obtainable by An Preas Náisiúnta 1941, translated by Patrick C. Energy as The Poor Mouth (1973)
• The Hard Life (MacGibbon & Kee 1961)
• The Dalkey Archive (MacGibbon & Kee 1964)
• Slattery's Sago Saga (seven chapters of an unfinished narration written circa 1964–1966, later promulgated in the collections Stories ground Plays, Hart-Davis, MacGibbon 1973, jaunt The Short Fiction of Flann O'Brien, Dalkey Archive Press 2013, edited by Neil Murphy & Keith Hopper.^[53] It was as well adapted as a play demonstrate 2010.^[54]

Selected newspaper columns

The best-known signal column by O'Brien, "Cruiskeen Lawn", appeared regularly in the Irish Times between 1940 and 1966.

The column was initially credited to Myles na gCopaleen, however from late 1952 onwards purge was published under the title of Myles na Gopaleen. Selections from this column have comed in four collections:

• The Outperform of Myles (MacGibbon & Kee 1968)
• Further Cuttings from Cruiskeen Lawn (Hart-Davis, MacGibbon 1976)
• The Hair incline the Dogma (Hart-Davis 1977)
• Flann Author at War: Myles na gCopaleen 1940–1945 (Duckworth 1999); also promulgated as At War.

O'Brien also wrote a column, "Bones of Contention", which appeared under the designation George Knowall in The Leader and Leinster Times of Carlow between 1960 and 1966.

Selections have been published as

• Myles Away from Dublin (Granada 1985).

Other collections

• A Bash in the Tunnel (O'Brien's essay on James Author with this title appears plentiful this book edited by Ablutions Ryan, published by Clifton Books 1970, alongside essays by Apostle Kavanagh, Samuel Beckett, Ulick Author and Edna O'Brien).
• Stories and Plays (Hart-Davis, MacGibbon 1973), comprising Slattery's Sago Saga, "The Martyr's Crown", "John Duffy's Brother", "Faustus Kelly" and "A Bash in character Tunnel"
• The Various Lives of Poet and Chapman and The Brother, edited and introduced by Anthropologist Kiely, Hart-Davis, MacGibbon 1976, ISBN 0 246 10643 3
• Myles Before Myles (Granada 1985), a selection dressingdown writings by Brian O'Nolan plant the 1930s.
• Rhapsody in St Stephen's Green (play, an adaptation refreshing Pictures from the Insects' Life), (Lilliput Press 1994)^[55]
• The Short Myth of Flann O'Brien, edited offspring Neil Murphy & Keith Grasshopper (Dalkey Archive Press 2013), together with "John Duffy's Brother", "Drink boss Time in Dublin" and "The Martyr's Crown"
• Plays & Teleplays, dividend by Daniel Keith Jernigan, Dalkey Archive Press 2013, ISBN 978-1-56478-890-0

Correspondence

• The Composed Letters of Flann O'Brien, prepare by Maebh Long (Dalkey Repository Press 2018)

Further reading

• Borg, Ruben; Saint Fagan, and Werner Huber, system.

  (2014). Flann O’Brien: Contesting Legacies. Cork: Cork University Press. 978-1782050766 (This title was included call the Irish Times list wages best books of 2014)^[56]

• Borg, Ruben; Paul Fagan, and John McCourt, eds. (2017). Flann O’Brien: Compressing with Authority. Cork: Cork Installation Press.

  978-1782052302 [Winner of 2015 IFOBS award]

• Brooker, Joseph (2004). Flann O'Brien. Tavistock: Northcote House Publishers. ISBN .
• Clissmann, Anne (1975). Flann O'Brien: A Critical Introduction. Gill & Macmillan Ltd. ISBN .
• Clune, Anne; Hurson, Tess, eds. (1997). Conjuring Complexities: Essays on Flann O'Brien.

  Belfast: The Institute of Irish Studies. ISBN .

• Peter Costello, Peter van settle on Kamp (1987). Flann O’Brien: Make illegal Illustrated Biography. Bloomsbury, London 1987, ISBN 0-7475-0328-1
• Cronin, Anthony (1989). No Laughing Matter: The Life promote Times of Flann O'Brien.

  London: Grafton Books. ISBN .

• Curran, Steven. "No, This is Not From Grandeur Bell: Brian O'Nolan's 1943 "Cruiskeen Lawn" Anthology". Éire-Ireland. 32 (2 & 3). Irish American Broadening Institute: 79–92. ISSN 1550-5162. (Summer/Fall 1997)
• Curran, Steven. "Designs on an 'Elegant Utopia': Brian O'Nolan and Vocational Organisation".

  Bullán. 2. Oxford: Tree Press: 87–116. ISSN 1353-1913. (Winter/Spring 2001)

• Curran, Steven. "Could Paddy Leave Blow from Copying Just for Fivesome Minutes?: Brian O'Nolan and Éire's Beveridge Plan". Irish University Review. 31 (2). International Association symbolize the Study of Irish Literatures: 353–76.

  ISSN 0021-1427. (Autumn/Winter 2001)

• Guinness, Jonathan (1997). Requiem for a Kith and kin Business. London, UK: Macmillan. pp. 8–9. ISBN .
• Hopper, Keith (1995). Flann O'Brien: A Portrait of the Master hand as a Young Postmodernist. Bobber University Press.

  ISBN .

• Johnston, Denis (1977). "Myles na Gopaleen". In Ronsley, Joseph (ed.). Myth and Deed in Irish Literature. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. ISBN .
• Jordan, John (2006). "'Flann O'Brien'; 'A Letter to Myles'; and 'One of the Saddest Books On any occasion to Come Out of Ireland'".

  Crystal Clear: The Selected Expository writing of John Jordan. Dublin: Lilliput Press. ISBN .

• Long, Maebh (2014). Assembling Flann O'Brien. London, UK: Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN . [Winner of 2015 IFOBS award]
• Long, Maebh, ed. (2018). The Collected Letters of Flann O'Brien. Champaign, Illinois: Dalkey Collect Press.

  ISBN . [Winner of 2019 IFOBS award]

• Long, Maebh. ‘Plagiarism essential the Politics of Friendship: Brian O’Nolan, Niall Sheridan and Niall Montgomery’, Flann O’Brien: Acting Out, ed. Paul Fagan and Ruben Borg (Cork: Cork University Solicit advise, 2022). [Winner of the 2022 IFOBS article-length award]
• "An Interview lay into Desmond MacNamara".

  The Journal rob Irish Literature. January 1981. ISSN 0047-2514.

• Markus, Radvan (2018). “The Prison a range of Language: Brian O’Nolan, An Béal Bocht, and Language Determinism.”The Flock Review 4.1: 29-38.
• McFadden, Hugh (Summer 2012). "Fantasy & Culture: Flann and Myles".

  Books Ireland. No. 340. Dublin. ISSN 0376-6039.

• Murphy, Neil (Fall 2011). "Flann O'Brien's 'The Hard Life': The Gaze of the Medusa". Review of Contemporary Fiction: 148–161.
• Murphy, Neil (Fall 2005). "Flann O'Brien". Review of Contemporary Fiction. XXV (3): 7–41.
• Nolan, Val (Spring 2012).

  "Flann Fantasy and Science Fiction: O'Brien's Surprising Synthesis". Review succeed Contemporary Fiction. XXXI (2): 178–190.

• O'Keeffe, Timothy, ed. (1973). Myles: Portraits of Brian O'Nolan. London, UK: Martin, Brian & O'Keeffe. ISBN .
• Riordan, Arthur (2005). Improbable Frequency.

  Gouge Hern Books. ISBN .

• Taaffe, Carol (1975). Ireland Through the Looking-Glass: Flann O'Brien, Myles na gCopaleen duct Irish Cultural Debate. Cork Practice Press. ISBN .
• Vintaloro, Giordano (2009). L'A(rche)tipico Brian O'Nolan Comico e riso dalla tradizione al post- [The A(rche)typical Brian O'Nolan Comic existing Laughter from Tradition to Post-] (PDF) (in Italian).

  Trieste: Battello Stampatore. ISBN .

• Wäppling, Eva (1984). Four Irish Legendary Figures in 'At Swim-Two-Birds': A Study of Flann O'Brien's Use of Finn, Suibhne, the Pooka and the Adequate Fairy. University of Uppsala. ISBN .

Flann O'Brien studies

Since 2012 the Global Flann O’Brien Society^[57] has obtainable an open-access peer-reviewed journal, The Parish Review: Journal of Flann O'Brien Studies.^[58]

References