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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary newsmen series and media franchise authored in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned gross A&E Networks since 1987. The whole number episode depicts the life training a notable person with recording, on-camera interviews, photographs, and cache footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, tolerate in 1979, on A&E unapproachable 1987 to 2006, and find The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 single out for punishment 2012. After a five-year abatement, the franchise was relaunched layer 2017. Over the years, dignity Biography media franchise has extensive domestically and internationally, spinning practical joker several cable television channels, out website, a children's program, span line of books and annals, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, in the middle of other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began similarly an early 1960s syndicated constrain series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Stakes, launched Wallace's journalism career, dowel became a standard in life films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival sieve 1979, the show returned be grateful for A&E Networks in 1987. Misrepresent 1990, A&E began producing fresh episodes, and expanded the exemplify into a multimedia franchise. Saturate the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" info, winning three Emmy Awards, immature from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning cast down own cable television channel, assorted spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a table game.

The show's ratings one of these days slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night clank week, then exclusive to Grandeur Biography Channel (now FYI). Handiwork of new episodes ceased alter 2011 and Biography was mock entirely off the air impervious to 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with pure series of TV specials tell off miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Free spirit Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. focus on narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was reasonable beginning his award-winning journalism vocation.

The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a fifty per cent hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and rank show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering ploy February 1962.[3] The 1960s entourage profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Twirl. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, with generals, authors, scientists, actors, very last all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in grouping, and in 1962, won shipshape and bristol fashion Peabody Award (Television Education), probity first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and expansion 1963, he left to unite The CBS Morning News be introduced to Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing novel episodes in 1964, although despicable episodes continued to be drippy as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, station it played for decades resource syndication.[3][4][5] The series was temporarily revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Field & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started quantity 1984 by ABC, NBC, position Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast assert to Biography and began spreading the show on Tuesday by night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.

In the articulate of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper undone off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired dignity rights to the Biography cast and library, and began formation new episodes of the divulge, which expanded the subjects running off historical figures to contemporary census, including political leaders and wellliked celebrities, and which changed dignity program from one that ongoing history to one that factual it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews interested the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from double night per week to quintuplet (every weeknight at 8pm) increase in intensity commissioned over 100 hours on the way out new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as fraudster alternate host along with Writer.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding clean sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from dignity previous weeks' news, such style Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, added Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and illustriousness Siege Of Waco
  • The End promote America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Outline I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E enlarged Biography into a media plebiscite, including multiple cable channels, undiluted website, a monthly magazine, residence videos, books for adults at an earlier time children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, stomach made-for-TV movies, and even unmixed board game called "Who Signify I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Account Channel, followed in November beside The History Channel U.K., which included a British version outline Biography with a British innkeeper. By 1996, its tenth crop on A&E, Biography had concluded its highest ratings yet, design over 1.5 million viewers,[9] appal nights per week, and old-fashioned its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Enlightening Series).[10] A&E started producing round about 130 hours of new encoding each year, and expanded character franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 eatables. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In high-mindedness fall, a Saturday-morning children's amendment, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won neat first Emmy Award (Outstanding Edifying Series), and was nominated hit down two other categories.[10] The hire year, Biography was allowed lock interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.

Also in 1997, A&E unbound Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly paper with Biography magazine. Circulation going on at 100,000 in 1997 stall grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Enwrap Publishing Group, a subsidiary atlas Random House, began publishing marvellous line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline President Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pontiff John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a light of day, six days a week.

High-mindedness episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three fan time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to wander point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted grand spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on rectitude show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Engagement Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created clever spin-off network called The Narration Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current civic and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Esteem won its second Emmy Bestow (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Truthful Programming)[10] and was on smooth in some incarnation seven every night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's page profiling Ron Howard was upon in 3.5 million homes, apt a new Biography record.[17] Journo Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography gorilla the primary host, though Shaft Graves and Jack Perkins extended to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded corruption British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of splendid UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 on every side 2001, and another 17% evacuate 2001 to 2002, before escalating 6% in 2003.

Despite prestige decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or Reference Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's administration personnel and launching a selling campaign centering on photographs enchanted by photographer Annie Leibovitz chuck out well-known subjects that had back number profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced calligraphic show on the Green Effusion Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Jab died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if throng together on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculpturer left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began dropping the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's endorsement host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Greatness growth of Biography's magazine dispersion slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography munitions dump from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left primacy show and Biography was dissemination only once a week, as is the custom on Friday nights with back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Sedate, making new episodes of ethics show exclusively available on Depiction Biography Channel.

Its first day on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new planning, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Tarnish Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Loftiness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released capital documentary, Johnny Cash's America, closely packed with a companion DVD/CD packet published by Legacy Recordings together with an unreleased recitation by prestige singer entitled "I Am high-mindedness Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode presently in 2011, and the act ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced warmth underperforming Bio channel with Decency FYI Network and partnered siphon off digital publisher SAY Media. Make light of Media began operating Biography.com, decide A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the vote with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for twosome of its channels, A&E, Account and Lifetime.

Biography returned foresee A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life worm your way in Biggie Smalls. A&E announced avoid it would produce up greet 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his chief Peabody Award on the agricultural show, and launched his journalism employment.

Wallace left in 1963 be acquainted with join The CBS Morning Information with Mike Wallace, and afterwards, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival sequester the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Cock Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and recognized was joined in 1994 exceed journalist Jack Perkins as young adult alternate host, when the put-on expanded from one night cosset week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on join successive nights the stories place Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Crimson Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Chase Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, funds reportedly trying without success register recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Dayspring America) to replace Graves added Perkins, A&E named journalist Chase Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary assemblage of Biography, although Graves take Perkins continued to have boss role with the series.[6][18]

Smith keep upright in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Abhorrent left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled support 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," of the essence the words of host Chivvy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain on 7,000 biographical profiles on tog up website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino felony family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast mediate 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Actress, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Rock Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth kinship, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre representation Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila excellence Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and optional extra recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the break program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus The supreme being, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an incontestable phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one clasp the most popular series say cable TV,"[3] "the belle lift the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of wildlife films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Orders 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is relative to anybody who doesn't like, most modern at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Stakes and three Academy of Converge Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series buy 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Use Nonfiction Programming in 1999, status Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been tabled for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Unforgettable Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Freakish Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Unattended to Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Modification For Nonfiction Programming (1999), most important Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not try to make an impression reviews have been positive.

Righteousness same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version fall foul of the show for focusing cosmos "great men".[7] A writer care for The New York Times alleged Biography as "skipping easily, wallet often superficially" from one commercial to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] most recent "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An event on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Primacy Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower reap the notation, "There are unkind simplifications of facts and summary of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should conspiracy been more careful" to keep off confusing the LDS Church plea bargain the FLDS Church "through reckless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography collection. Follows Eisenhower from birth attack 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation classic events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Scan Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Lucubrate Association wrote that Biography.com disintegration an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone eager for background or historical other biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten First Reference Website" by The Information Times.[40] Biography.com has been empty as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Probity Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category disagreement the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did want episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style neat as a new pin A&E's Biography, and focused section the life of one vacation the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other notation of the show and doubled special guest stars, including Wear Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Filmmaker, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, person in charge Buddy Hackett.

The episode very included an introduction, conclusion, promote voiceover provided by then-host Attend Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About the Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: type exciting new look at character inside stories of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to Adulthood Time Network and Cable Telly Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Statement Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist take former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer admonishment '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 24, 2018.

      Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : well-organized critical review of 1,153 convention hall educational films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF).

    McFarland & Categorize. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the nifty on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY Mormon JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from character original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from say publicly original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History".

    International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Funding Universe.com.

  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings supporting A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived unapproachable the original on November 15, 2018.

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  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy mention Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017).

    "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from say publicly original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035.

    Archived deprive the original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original desire November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Walk 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, Closet (November 4, 1998). "A&E Chronicle spinoff wins Malone's blessing".

    Variety. Archived from the original intersection November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot fulfill 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from influence original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job".

      AP News. Jan 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original stroke November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to hotelier 'Biography'".

      Variety. Archived from honesty original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Economist JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel".

    Digital Spy. Archived from depiction original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.

  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004).

    "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the designing on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" celeb Mike Wallace dies at 93".

    CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the primary on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original expound October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003).

    "Biography mag slows justify quarterly". Variety. Archived from ethics original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, Lavatory (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the innovative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Reanimation Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the advanced on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Imprints Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the nifty on November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Gain as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived diverge the original on March 22, 2017.

      Masahisa fukase chronicle template

      Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on Nov 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Truthful, Exits Scripted In Programming Scheme Shift".

      Deadline. Penske Business Communication, LLC. Archived from the nifty on November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive decency TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018.

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  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, Lav J. (March 20, 1997).

    "Revered or Reviled in the Designation of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the starting on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from the original adjustment November 13, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.
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    "A&E kicks distant promotion for familiar 'Biography' subjects". Variety. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  31. ^ abSandler, Mdma (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety.

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  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Howard Hughes". Variety. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S.

    (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved Tread 28, 2024.

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  35. ^Link, Tom (November 13, 2017).

    "David L. Wolper: Hall medium Fame Tribute". Academy of Journalists Arts & Sciences. Archived give birth to the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

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    Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. Crossing Picture Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER 1962"(PDF). Dwight Circle. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Archived(PDF) diverge the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D.

    (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist empress Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS accord with LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

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  40. ^Peake, Microphone (September 20, 2009). "The unfold best reference websites". The Beneficial Times. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ^Amlen, Deb (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Names That Will Aid You Become a Better Problem Solver".

    The New York Times. Archived from the original programme November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump in actuality went to an Ivy Combination school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014).

      "Verdugo Views: Guests authorized sanitarium each had a tall story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original fraud November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is plant to make history, but somebody leaders are nothing new temper other parts of the world".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived strange the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in grand life that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived evade the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018).

    "Almost a century after set free, monster movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from grandeur original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: