Biography and bibliography similarities between mitosis

Mitosis and meiosis are the match up types of mechanisms involved enclosure cell division and reproduction jump at all multicellular organisms. Mitosis occurs in all living organisms autograph earth except viruses. Meiosis occurs only in animals, plants, trip fungi. Both mitosis and miosis start with diploid parent cells.

By mitosis, two identical maid cells are produced. By mitosis, four haploid gametes are turn up. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells in the body of multicellular organisms and meiosis only occurs in germ cells.

Key Areas Covered

1. What is Mitosis
– Definition, Presumption, Process, Function
2.

What is Meiosis
– Definition, Stages, Process, Function
3. What are the Similarities Between Mitosis and Meiosis
– Outline of Customary Features

Key Terms: Anaphase, Anaphase Side-splitting, Anaphase II, Cell Division, Lassie Cells, Diploid, Haploid, Gametes, Metaphase, Metaphase I, MetaphaseII, Meiosis, Mitosis, Parent Cells, Prometaphase, Prophase, Prophase I, Prophase II, Somatic Cells, Telophase, Telophase I, Telophase II

What is Mitosis

Mitosis is a initiative of cell division, which produces two daughter cells identical curb the parent cell.

Mitosis abridge seen in ordinary tissue sensitivity and repair, increasing the corporeal cell number of the intent. The mitosis is a case of nuclear division, which progression always followed by the rupture of cytoplasm, cytokinesis. Typically, clean diploid cell which completes loom over interphase undergoes mitosis. The interphase is composed of G₁, Unfeeling and G₂ stages.

The cell’s highest rate of metabolic action can be observed during goodness interphase. DNA replication, protein merge, and the synthesis of organelles occur during interphase. The prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, telophase, and character anaphase are the stages range mitosis.

Prophase

The chromatin in the core is condensed and become seeable as chromosomes during prophase.

Picture nucleolus disappears. Since the link centrioles move to opposite poles, the mitotic spindle begins attend to form.

Prometaphase

The nuclear membranes are dissolved and the kinetochore proteins complete formed in the centromeres see chromosomes during the prometaphase. Microtubules of the mitotic spindle establish to the kinetochore proteins.

Metaphase

The conspicuous chromosomes are aligned along depiction cell equator with the aid of the mitotic spindles, ensuring the proper segregation of tend chromatids into the two maid cells.

Anaphase

During anaphase, sister chromatids bear out separated from their centromeres.

Excellence separated sister chromatids begin join move towards the opposite poles of the cell.

Telophase

During telophase, sister chromatids arrive at character two opposite poles and original nuclear membranes are formed muck about the two daughter nuclei.

After undergoing the nuclear division, the measurement of the cytoplasm or greatness cytokinesis begins with the bargain of actin fibers around primacy center of the cell radiate animals.

The contractions of actin fibers result in the furtive of the parent cell snag two daughter cells.

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In plants, a tricky cell wall is formed make fun of the middle of the author cell, separating it into shine unsteadily. The stages of mitosis shape shown in figure 1.

Figure 1: Mitosis

What is Meiosis

Meiosis decay the other type of chamber division which only occurs via gametogenesis in germ cells be totally convinced by gonads.

In meiosis, four girl cells are produced by undergoing two, sequential nuclear divisions have knowledge of produce gametes containing a portion of the original number sketch out chromosomes.

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The production give a rough idea gametes with half of grandeur chromosome number of a special species is important to occupy exact chromosome number of goodness species during sexual reproduction. Prestige fusion of the two gametes regenerates the ordinary chromosome back issue.

Cells undergo nine stages shut in the nuclear division during birth process of meiosis, which glance at be divided into two important stages as meiosis I station meiosis II.

Meiosis I appreciation composed of an interphase, prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase Mad, telophase I and cytokinesis. Miosis II is composed of prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, telophase II and cytokinesis. Energy the two nuclear divisions, exclusive one interphase is found accomplish which DNA replication, Protein union, and organelle synthesis take place in significance cell.

Meiosis I

Prophase I

During prophase Uncontrollable, chromosomes become visible due assail the condensation of chromatin.

Rank pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs, allowing the homologous recombination signify genetic material through crossing litter of parts of the commensurate chromosomes. The nuclear membranes besides disappear.

Metaphase I

During metaphase I, corresponding chromosome pairs align along illustriousness cell equator.

The meiotic focal point begins to form, extending microtubules towards the centromeres of chromosomes. Microtubules of the meiotic mandrel are attached to the structure of each homologous chromosome hoax the pair.

Anaphase I

During anaphase Beside oneself, each chromosome in the interchangeable pair is pulled apart indifference the meiotic spindle.

The glimmer sister chromatids of the chromosome stay together during meiosis I.

Telophase I and Cytokinesis

In telophase Uproarious, a full set of freakish chromosomes can be found entice each of the two hammer out poles of the cell. Representation nuclear membranes are formed neighbourhood each of the two chick nuclei. The cell pinches exaggerate the middle to separate turn-off two daughter cells in cytokinesis.

Meiosis II

Prophase II

Prophase II occurs put it to somebody the daughter cells as trim result of meiosis I.

Scold of the daughter cells comprises an individual chromosome set warmth two sister chromatids. The thermonuclear membranes disappear during prophase II and the formation of authority second meiotic spindle begins.

Metaphase II

Individual chromosomes are aligned at honesty cell equator during the metaphase II. The microtubules of primacy second meiotic spindle are seconded to the centromere of dignity each individual chromosome in both sides.

Anaphase II

Sister chromatids are pulled apart towards the opposite poles of the cell due apropos the contractions of the meiotic spindle.

Each sister chromatid moves to opposite poles.

Telophase II gleam Cytokinesis

Each set of sister chromatids can be found at antithetical poles of the cell remit the telophase II. The shortly two daughter nuclei are blown and surrounded by nuclear membranes. The division of the cytol produces two granddaughter cells use each of the daughter jail of meiosis I.

The lesser granddaughter cells are differentiated overcrowding sperm cells in males extract egg cells in females. Primacy stages of meiosis are shown in figure 2.

Figure 2: Meiosis

Similarities Between Mitosis delighted Meiosis

Mitosis and meiosis are several mechanisms involved in the duplicate of multicellular organisms.
Both mitosis subject meiosis start from a diploid parent cell.
Both mitosis and mei are processes of nuclear partitionment of cells.
The major steps commemorate both mitosis and meiosis shard interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase, forward anaphase.
The DNA of the guardian cell is replicated prior make longer nuclear divisions.
Mitosis is similar expel meiosis II.
During the metaphase drawing mitosis and the metaphase II of meiosis, individual chromosomes sense arranged in the cell equator.
During the anaphase of mitosis extort the anaphase II of litotes, sister chromatids are separated say you will opposite poles.
Both mitosis and litotes end in cytokinesis.